Recommendations pertaining to the use of viral vaccines: influenza 2009.

Recommendations pertaining to the use of viral vaccines: influenza 2010.

Recommendations pertaining to the use of viral vaccines: influenza 2013.

Here we provide recommendations for the use of viral vaccines in anticipation of the 2013 Southern Hemisphere influenza season. For a review of the 2012 influenza season, please refer to the website of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service (http://www.nicd.ac.za).

Recommendations pertaining to the use of viral vaccines: influenza 2014.

Here we provide recommendations for the use of viral vaccines in anticipation of the 2014 southern hemisphere influenza season. For a review of the 2013 influenza season, please refer to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Service website (http://www.nicd.ac.za).

Recommendations pertaining to the use of viral vaccines: influenza 2012.

Recommended vaccine formulation The following strains have been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the 2012 Southern Hemisphere influenza season, and are the same as the recommendations for the 2011 season: • an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like virus • an A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)-like virus • a B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus. Vaccines should contain 15 μg of each haemagglutinin ...

The Combined Use of rHVT-H5 and rHVT-F Vector Vaccines in the Hatchery Enhances Immunity against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 and Velogenic Newcastle Disease Viral Infections in Commercial Chickens

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and Newcastle disease viral infections cause severe illness in chickens and vaccination is a strategic tool of controlling these diseases. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of using both recombinant herpesvirus of turkey (rHVT-H5 and rHVT-F) vector vaccines at day-old, in the hatchery, under field conditions. Vaccinated chickens were...

تغییرات ژنتیکی ویروس و فرار از سامانه ایمنی، چالش‌های پیش‌رو علیه آنفلوآنزا: مقاله مروری

The spread of influenza viruses in multiple bird and mammalian species is a worldwide serious threat to human and animal populations' health and raise major concern for ongoing pandemic in humans. Direct transmission of the avian viruses which have sialic acid specific receptors similar to human influenza viruses are a warning to the emergence of a new mutant strain that is likely to share mole...